![]() ![]() et al., Nuclear transfer between sub-families of fishes, Acta Zool. et al., On the follicular atresia and cyst of the giant panda ( Ailuropoda melanoleuca), Acta Zool. et al., Studies of heterofertilization in vitro between giant panda and golden hamster, Acta Zool. Y., The fine structure of the spermatozoa of the giant panda ( Ailuropodu melamleuca) Acta Zoo1. et al., Study on in vitro sperm capacitation and egg-penetration of giant panda, Science in China, Ser. et al., Applying bases for “double control” artificial breeding of giant panda in captivity, Chinese Science Bulletin, 1997, 42(9): 775.Ĭhen, D. ![]() et al., The Giant Panda of Wolong (in Chinese), Chengdu: Sichuan Science and Technology Press, 1985.Ĭhen, D. R., Production of cloned calves following nuclear transfer with cultured adult mural granulosa cells, Biol. et al., Eight calves cloned from somatic cells of a single adult, Science, 1998, 282: 2095. et al., Full-term development of mice from enucleated oocytes injected with cumulus cell nuclei, Nature, 1998, 394: 369. et al., Viable offspring derived from fetal and adult mammalian cells, Nature, 1997, 385: 810. The data suggest that (i) the ability of ooplasm to dedifferentiate somatic cells is not speciesspecific (ii) there is compatibility between intenpecies somatic nucleus and ooplasm during early development of the reconstructed egg. ![]() In addition, giant panda mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was shown to exist in the intenpecies reconstructed blastocyst. The chromosome analysis demonstrated that the genetic materials in reconstructed blastocyst cells were the same as that in panda somatic cells. The experiments showed that direct injection of mammary gland cell into enucleated rabbit ooplasm, combined with in vim development in ligated rabbit oviduct, achieved higher blastocyst development than in vitro culture after the somatic cell was injected into the perivitelline space and fused with the enucleated egg by electrical stimulation. All the three kinds of somatic cells were able to reprogram in rabbit ooplasm and support early embryo development, of which mammary gland cells were proven to be the best, followed by uterus epithelial cells and skeletal muscle cells. The giant panda skeletal muscle cells, uterus epithelial cells and mammary gland cells from an adult individual were cultured and used as nucleus donor for the construction of intenpecies embryos by transferring them into enucleated rabbit eggs. ![]()
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